As India’s Total Fertility Rate (TFR) continues to drop, Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister Chandrababu Naidu has urged families in southern states to have more children, sparking widespread debate. With India’s TFR hitting a low of 1.91 in 2021—below the replacement level of 2.1—Naidu emphasized the risks of an ageing population and shrinking workforce in southern regions like Andhra Pradesh, where the TFR has fallen to 1.7.

Naidu’s comments are part of a broader demographic strategy to counter the declining birth rate, which, according to studies, could severely impact the economy and strain social services. “We are considering laws that would encourage larger families, like making candidates with more than two children eligible for local body elections,” Naidu said during a public address.

Global Comparison: Facing Similar Challenges

Countries like Japan and China, grappling with ageing populations, have seen the negative effects of prolonged low fertility rates, including labor shortages and increased pressure on healthcare systems. Naidu warned that India could face similar challenges if the fertility rate continues to fall, predicting a shrinking workforce by 2050.

Legislative Changes to Promote Larger Families

In a dramatic shift, Andhra Pradesh has abolished its previous two-child policy, allowing individuals with more than two children to contest elections. The government is now exploring further incentives to encourage families to have more children, hoping to balance demographic structures and support future economic stability.

What Lies Ahead?

The push for larger families marks a significant departure from earlier population control policies, reflecting India’s evolving socio-economic needs. Naidu’s call for increased fertility has sparked a conversation on the future of India’s workforce, and how southern states must prepare for the challenges of a greying population.

Will this controversial strategy succeed in reversing the trend? Only time will tell.