Assam Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma’s claim that most of the North Eastern states are now free from law and order issues is partly supported by the progress in peace accords and reduced insurgency over the last decade. Since 2014, many peace agreements have been signed, resulting in the surrender of militants and a decline in large-scale insurgent activities. This has indeed improved the overall law and order situation in the region, which was previously marked by political instability and violence​.

However, recent data paints a more complex picture. While incidents of insurgency have decreased, there has been a troubling uptick in civilian casualties. In 2021, civilian deaths from insurgency-related violence reached a three-year high. Assam, along with states like Nagaland and Manipur, reported significant increases in civilian casualties, especially after the tragic killing of 14 civilians in Nagaland’s Mon district. Assam also saw 11 civilian deaths from insurgency violence in the same period, which was a sharp increase from previous years​.

Therefore, while peace accords have led to positive changes in certain areas, there are still ongoing challenges, especially concerning civilian safety and occasional militant violence. The region’s law and order situation, while improved in many aspects, continues to require careful monitoring and sustained efforts for long-term peace.